The Extended Cosinor Model functions as a mathematical lens that transforms raw acceleration data collected from footwear into a structured profile of an individual's daily biological rhythms. By applying non-linear curve fitting to 24-hour datasets, it extracts precise metrics—such as mean activity levels and peak phases—to quantify the macro-biological patterns of the rest-activity cycle.
The model moves beyond simple movement tracking to reveal the underlying stability and timing of a user’s circadian rhythm. It connects physical movement to biological fatigue and behavioral shifts, offering a comprehensive view of long-term wearer health and habits.
Transforming Raw Data into Biological Insight
The Mechanics of the Model
The model operates by performing non-linear curve fitting on raw acceleration data.
It processes this data over a full 24-hour cycle to establish a mathematical baseline.
This creates a continuous representation of the user's daily activity, effectively filtering out transient noise to reveal the underlying rhythm.
Key Metrics Extracted
The model derives three critical indicators from the raw data.
First, it calculates mean activity levels, establishing the baseline intensity of movement throughout the day.
Second, it measures activity amplitude, which indicates the strength of the rhythm by quantifying the difference between peak activity and rest.
Third, it identifies peak phases, pinpointing the specific time of day when activity is highest.
Interpreting the Macro-Biological Rhythm
Understanding Rest-Activity Cycles
The primary goal of this model is to capture the characteristics of the rest-activity cycle from a macro perspective.
This allows researchers to look past individual steps or isolated movements.
Instead, they can observe the broader biological flow of wakefulness and rest as a cohesive pattern.
Detecting Fatigue and Behavior Changes
By analyzing the stability and intensity of these rhythms, the model provides a correlation with user fatigue.
It highlights timing shifts, revealing if a user’s active hours are drifting earlier or later due to behavioral changes.
This capability is essential for understanding how behavior evolves during long-term footwear usage.
Limitations and Considerations
The Requirement for Continuous Data
The model’s strength lies in analyzing patterns over a 24-hour period.
Incomplete data sets or intermittent sensor usage can disrupt the non-linear curve fitting process.
Reliable results require consistent data collection to accurately map the macro-biological rhythm.
Macro vs. Micro Analysis
This approach is designed for macro-biological assessment.
It excels at identifying broad circadian trends and stability.
However, it may smooth over specific, short-duration high-intensity events that do not align with the general 24-hour curve.
Applying the Model to Your Analysis
To maximize the utility of the Extended Cosinor Model, align its strengths with your specific research objectives.
- If your primary focus is fatigue management: Monitor the activity amplitude; a flattening curve or reduced intensity often signals exhaustion or disrupted circadian stability.
- If your primary focus is behavioral profiling: Track the peak phases to identify specific timing shifts in the user's active hours over weeks or months.
Ultimately, this model provides the necessary mathematical framework to translate footwear sensor noise into actionable biological intelligence.
Summary Table:
| Metric | Description | Biological Insight |
|---|---|---|
| Mean Activity | Baseline movement intensity | Overall energy expenditure & activity level |
| Activity Amplitude | Peak-to-rest movement difference | Rhythm strength and fatigue correlation |
| Peak Phase | Time of maximum activity | Circadian timing and behavioral shifts |
| Macro-Stability | 24-hour cycle consistency | Long-term health and routine assessment |
Partner with 3515 for Advanced Footwear Solutions
As a premier large-scale manufacturer, 3515 specializes in bridging the gap between innovative technology and durable footwear. Whether you are a distributor or a brand owner, we offer comprehensive production capabilities across all categories—from our flagship Safety Shoes and Tactical Boots to high-performance Sneakers and Dress & Formal footwear.
Our manufacturing excellence ensures that your vision for smart or traditional footwear is realized with precision and scale. Contact us today to discuss your bulk requirements and discover how our expertise can add value to your brand's portfolio.